What is the first step in the basic casualty assessment?

• A. Check scene safety
• B. Call for help
• C. Check responsiveness
• D. Check breathing

Answer: (A)

Ensuring the scene is safe is the first step because you must protect yourself, the casualty, and bystanders before giving aid. If the area has hazards—traffic, fire, leaking gas, unstable debris, or aggressive individuals—you could become a second casualty or worsen the situation. By surveying for dangers and taking precautions (wearing protection, moving away from hazards if needed, and getting help from others), you create a stable environment to properly assess and treat the casualty. Once safety is established, you can proceed to determine responsiveness, then call for help if needed, and continue with the next steps of the assessment. Without safety, any further actions may be unsafe or ineffective.